GCSE Physics Particle model of matter (Test 2)

Q1.

Which of the following best describes the process of thermal conduction?

1. The transfer of heat through a solid by the vibration of particles.
2. The transfer of heat through a vacuum.
3. The transfer of heat through fluids by the movement of heated particles.
4. The transfer of heat by electromagnetic radiation.

Q2.

Two identical metal plates, one painted black and the other painted white, are placed at the same distance from a radiant heater. After a certain period, which statement accurately describes the temperature difference between the two plates?

1. The white plate will be hotter because it reflects more heat.
2. Black surfaces are excellent absorbers of (infrared) radiation.
3. Both plates will be at the same temperature because they are made of the same metal.
4. The white plate will be hotter because it emits less heat.

Q3.

Which of the following best describes the process of thermal convection?

1. The transfer of heat through a solid by the vibration of particles.
2. The transfer of heat by electromagnetic radiation.
3. The transfer of heat through a vacuum.
4. The transfer of heat through fluids by the movement of heated particles.

Q4.

A student has 0.5 kg of water at its freezing point (0°C). The water freezes completely into ice.

The specific latent heat of fusion of water is 3.34 × 10⁵ J/kg.

Calculate the amount of energy transferred to the surroundings during this freezing process.

1. 1.67 × 10⁵ J
2. 1.67 × 10⁴ J
3. 6.68 × 10⁵ J
4. 6.68 × 10⁴ J

Q5.

A student investigates how the temperature of a liquid affects the rate at which a solid dissolves in it.

They heat different samples of the liquid to varying temperatures and measure how long it takes for a fixed amount of the solid to dissolve. What is the independent variable?

1. The temperature of the liquid.
2. The volume of the liquid.
3. The type of solid.
4. The time taken for the solid to dissolve.

Q6.

An object has an irregular shape. Which method should be used to accurately determine the volume of the object?

1. Measure the length, width, and height of the object and multiply them together.
2. Use a ruler to measure the diameter of the object at several points and calculate the average volume.
3. Calculate the object's surface area.
4. Submerge the object in a measuring cylinder filled with water and measure the volume of the displaced water.

Q7.

A balloon is filled with helium gas at room temperature.

Which of the following statements accurately describes the motion of the helium atoms within the balloon?

1. The atoms exhibit uniform vibrational motion within a fixed lattice structure.
2. The atoms move at a range of speeds and in different directions.
3. The atoms progress in linear trajectories at a constant velocity, devoid of inter-atomic collisions.
4. The atoms maintain a static configuration, distributed homogeneously throughout the balloon's volume.

Q8.

A 100g sample of a solid and a 100g sample of a gas are at room temperature.

Which of the following statements best explains why the helium occupies a much greater volume than the iron?

1. Stronger inter-particle forces in solids result in close packing, whereas negligible forces in gases allow for wide particle separation.
2. The atoms in the solid are heavier than the gas atoms.
3. The solid is denser than the gas.
4. The gas has a higher melting point than the solid.

Q9.

What name is given to the total kinetic energy and potential energy of all the particles of helium gas within a balloon?

1. External energy
2. Gravitational potential energy
3. Internal energy
4. Movement energy

Q10.

A container of water is left uncovered at room temperature. Over time, the temperature of the water decreases.

Which of the following best explains this temperature change?

1. The water loses heat through conduction to the surrounding air.
2. The particles with most energy leave the surface of the water, reducing the average energy of the remaining particles.
3. The water loses heat due to convection currents within the liquid.
4. The water radiates heat as infrared radiation.

GCSE Physics Particle model of matter (Test 2)

Subject: Physics

Level: Higher